Perancangan Basis Data 2 || Perbedaan DBMS & Pemrosesan File beserta Jenis - Jenis DBMS

Assalamualaikum Wr. Wb.

Pada postingan saya yang sebelumnya, saya sudah membahas tentang apa itu data, basis data, dan hubungan antara buku - rak buku dengan data - basis data menurut pendapat saya. Di postingan kali ini,  saya akan melanjutkan pembahasan sebelumnya tentang  pengertian data dan basis data menurut beberapa sumber, dan saya juga akan membahas tentang DBMS dan pemrosesan file.

Pengertian Data menurut beberapa sumber

Wikipedia => Data adalah catatan atas kumpulan fakta.
Webster New World Dictionary => Data adalah things known or assumed, yang berarti bahwa data itu sesuatu yang diketahui atau dianggap. 

Pengertian Basis Data menurut beberapa sumber

Wikipedia => Pangkalan data atau basis data (bahasa Inggris: database) adalah kumpulan informasi yang disimpan di dalam komputer secara sistematik sehingga dapat diperiksa menggunakan suatu program komputer untuk memperoleh informasi dari basis data tersebut.

Gordon C. Everest => Basis data ialah koleksi atau kumpulan data yang mekanis, terbagi(shared), terdefinisi secara formal dan juga dikontrol terpusat pada suatu organisasi.

Pengertian DBMS

DBMS (Database Management System) merupakan sistem atau perangkat lunak (software) yang dirancang untuk membangun sebuah basis data yang berbasis komputerasi dan untuk mengelola suatu basis data serta menjalankan operasi terhadap data yang diminta.

Pengertian Pemrosesan File

Pemrosesan file (file processing) merupakan suatu pengelolaan data yang dilakukan secara tradisional dengan cara menyimpan record – record pada file yang terpisah yang dimana masing – masing file diperuntukkan hanya untuk suatu program aplikasi.

Perbedaan DBMS & Pemrosesan File

Berikut ini perbedaan antara DBMS dengan pemrosesan file :

·    Konsistensi dan integritas data pada DBMS lebih terjamin dibanding pemrosesan file

·    Timbulnya data rangkap pada pemrosesan file

·    Pada pemrosesan file, data bisa terisolir

·    Pada  DBMS, keamanan data lebih fleksibel daripada pemrosesan file

·    Pada pemrosesan file data dependence

Jenis – Jenis DBMS

·    MySQL

Sebuah perangkat lunak sistem manajemen basis data SQL (DBMS) yang multithread, multi-user, gratis dan di bawah lisensi GNU General Public Licenci (GPL).

·    Firebird

Salah satu aplikasi RDBMS (Relational Database Management System) yang menawarkan fitur-fitur yang terdapat dalam standar ANSI SQL-99 dan SQL-2003 yang bersifat open source.

·    Oracle

Salah satu aplikasi RDBMS (Relational Database Management System) untuk mengelola informasi secara terbuka, komprehensif dan terintegrasi.

·    Ms. Access

Database Storage Engine buatan Microsoft, merupakan bagian dari Microsoft Office.

·    Postgre SQL

Sebuah sistem basis data yang disebarluaskan secara bebas menurut Perjanjian lisensi BSD yang menyediakan fitur yang berguna untuk replika basis data.

·    Microsoft SQL Server

Salah satu aplikasi RDBMS (Relational Database Management System) yang dibuat oleh Microsoft.

Mungkin ini saja yang bisa saya bahas mengenai DBMS dan pemrosesan file..

Wassalamualaikum Wr. Wb.

Referensi :
1. http://www.pengertianku.net/2015/05/pengertian-dbms-dan-contohnya-lengkap.html
2. http://rianwibowo27.blogspot.com/2010/01/macam-macam-dbms-database-managemen.html
3. https://www.maxandro.com/2016/03/kelebihan-dan-kelemahan-dbms-database.html

Perancangan Basis Data 1 || Data, Basis Data, Hubungan antara Buku - Rak Buku & Data - Basis Data

Assalamualaikum Wr. Wb.

Pada postingan kali ini, saya akan membahas tentang basis data. Mulai dari pengertian data, basis data dan yang terakhir hubungan antara buku, rak buku, data dan basis data.

Pengertian Data

Data merupakan catatan atau kumpulan keadaan, fakta, angka, maupun gambar yang menjadi bahan dasar suatu informasi.

Pengertian Basis Data

Basis data adalah kumpulan data atau informasi yang disusun secara sistematis.

Hubungan Keterkaitan antara Buku - Rak Buku dan Data - Basis Data

Sama halnya dengan data, buku juga merupakan kumpulan kertas yang berisi tulisan, gambar, maupun informasi. Demikian juga dengan rak buku yang merupakan tempat penyimpanan buku yang disusun secara sistematis seperti halnya dengan basis data.

Dengan adanya rak buku ataupun basis data, buku dan data pasti akan tersusun secara sistematis serta mempermudah dalam mencari informasi atau data maupun buku yang ingin kita cari. Namun sebaliknya, tanpa adanya rak buku maupun basis data, buku dan data pasti tidak akan tersusun secara rapi maupun terurut serta kita juga susah untuk mencari suatu data maupun informasi yang tidak tersusun secara sistematis.

Jadi dengan analogi di atas, dapat saya simpulkan bahwa basis data merupakan suatu wadah, tempat, sistem, kumpulan data ataupun informasi yang di olah dan disusun secara sistematis agar pencarian data maupun informasi menjadi mudah serta terjaminnya pemeliharaan suatu data maupun informasi yang terdapat dalam basis data tersebut.

Demikian postingan saya kali ini..

Wassalamualaikum Wr. Wb.

ENGLISH NOTE - 4

PARALLEL STRUCTURE

Pengertian

    Parallel Structure adalah kesamaan atau kesetaraan dalam kalimat yang biasanya digunakan untuk menyebutkan beberapa item (sesuatu) yang jumlahnya lebih dari satu dan dalam kalimat biasanya berfungsi sebagai Subject atau Object. Namun terkadang juga merupakan beberapa Verb jika kalimat tersebut kalimat majemuk setara.

    Misalnya, ada yang disebut konjungsi sederajat (and, but, or) yaitu menggabungkan bersama-sama pernyataan yang sama menjadi struktur paralel. Konjungsi ini bisa menggabungkan kata benda (noun), kata kerja (verb), kata sifat (adjective), frasa (phrase), anak kalimat, atau kalimat utama. Masing-masing hanya dapat digabungkan jika bentuknya yang sama.

Contoh

1. The boy is handsome, diligent, smart, and rich

                           Adj           Adj       Adj          Adj

2. Do you like coffe or tea?

                        noun    noun

Bentuk lain dari Parallel Structure

a. Both ____ and ______

b. Not only _____ But also ______

c. Neither _____ Nor ______

d. Either _____ Or ______

Harus diisi dengan yang sejenis, misal noun maka dengan noun pula, misal adjective maka harus dengan adjective pula, dan lain - lain.

Adapun jenis kata yang bisa dihubungkan (selain phrase)

·      Kata Benda (Noun)

·      Kata Sifat (Adjective)

·      Kata Kerja (Verb)

·      Kata Ganti (Pronoun)

·      Kata Keterangan (Adverb)

Contoh Kalimat

Berikut Ini Beberapa Contoh Kalimat Dari Beberapa Artikel :

1.      Technological advances have led to the development of robots not only for businesses, but also for public service and military use. (Study in the USA, 2015)

      Parallel Structure : Noun

2.      This type of coursework can lead to a student’s interest in pursuing engineering or computer science major in collage and possibly a career in these types of fields. (Study in the USA, 2015)

      Parallel Structure : Noun

3.      The Offices of the Solicitor General is vital not only to ensuring that the interests of the United States Government are effectively represented in our courts, but also, by ensuring the fairness and integrity of the government’s participation in the judicial system, to maintaining the rule of law in our democracy. (The U.S. Supreme Court, 2009)

      Parallel Structure : Adjective

4       They were eventually forced back to the outskirts, but both groups took dozens of Lebanese police and soldiers as hostages. (Art in Amerika, July 2017)

      Parallel Structure : Verb

5.     Now Nasrallah’s Christian militia is armed, trained, and supported by a Shiite militia that has been on the U.S. terrorist list for two decades. (Art in Amerika, July 2017)

      Parallel Sructure : Adjective

6.      The Islamic State has been both a cause and an effect. (Art in Amerika, July 2017)

      Parallel Structure : Adjective

Green : Subject

Orange : Verb

Blue : Clause

Clause in This Artikel

Library to Farm to Table

Public libraries increasingly offer food production programs

Patrons are rolling up their sleeves and getting dirty with the offerings cropping up at public libraries across the country–farms, gardens, orchards, and food–literacy classes, to name a few–and librarians say the grow–it–yourself movement is only expanding.

For some libraries serving vulnerable populations, food–producing gardens and nutrition initiatives are born out of necessity. Others have launched programs to advance the causes of sustainability and education.

When David Mixdorf was named director of the South Sioux City (Neb.) Public Library in 2009, he was well positioned to establish the library’s first community garden. Mixdorf grew up on an organic farm and has worked the land in one form or another his entire life. “We’ve saved seeds in my family for years and years,” he says.

In 2009, the library was already giving out seeds to patrons. Within Mixdorf’s first year as director, he established the community garden on nearby private property donated by the library’s Friends group.

Mixdorf says it was a practical addition to the library’s traditional services, as many area residents are blue – collar workers who live in food deserts, where grocery stores lie far away and nutritional food options are scarce. He says his library’s extensive program has come together through a mix of volunteers and residents paying the city $10 to $15 annually for the garden plots. “The majority of them get used every single year,” he says.

The program has grown steadily and now consists of two gardens with a combined 60 plots; an orchard with more than 200 apple and fruit trees, berry bushes, beehives, and a section for native prairie flowers; and roughly 20 classes a year on gardening, canning–yes, you can check out canning equipment from the library–and grafting, among other subjects.

Mixdorf says the library donated 9,000 pounds of produce grown on its premises last year through South Sioux City’s volunteer–run Voices for Food program.

Food literacy and access to healthy meal options are also pressing issues in Sacramento, California, according to Jill Stockinger, supervisor of the Rancho Cordova branch of the city’s library system.

“Over 60 percent of children in schools in our neighborhood are under the poverty level and qualify for free breakfast and lunch programs,” she says, noting that more than half of the children in the community are obese.

The first Read and Feed Teaching and Demonstration Garden was launched at the library system’s Colonial Heights branch in 2011 with a $13,000 grant from the Junior League of Sacramento. A second garden was built at Rancho Cordova the following year, Stockinger says. Both areas that the branches serve are considered food deserts.

Rancho Cordova serves 600 children annually, along with roughly 400 parents “who watch and sometimes help,” according to Stockinger. More than 100 children and adults attended the library’s March Feed and Read program, according to Stockinger.

Additionally, the library has partnered with the California–based Food Literary Center–which offers food education programs in California public schools–to provide monthly healthy–eating classes at the Rancho Cordova branch. Testimonials from parents have bolstered the library’s programming efforts, Stockinger says.

“One parent said, ‘My child had never eaten broccoli before, but he grew it and now he wants to eat it.’”

While some food production and nutrition programs have developed out of a need to make food more accessible, others are a result of patrons simply wanting to learn more about growing their own food.

Jill Youngs, manager of the Cicero branch of the Northern Onondaga (N.Y.) Public Library, says her organization’s Library Farm program was started about five years ago “because it was fun.”

About 35 to 50 “plotters,” as they are called, run the library garden as volunteers, she says. “It’s very organic,” Youngs jokes. “It depends on who shows up and with what tools.”

She says patrons in her community have a general commitment to sustainability, but the program has also resulted in the donation of “well over 200 pounds of fresh produce” to local food pantries.

“Some people don’t have the space [for their own garden], and some people just want to learn,” Youngs says. The library has strengthened its program by adding classes such as “Beekeeping 101,” “Putting Up Your Harvest,” and “Organic Pest Control.”

Youngs, as well as her counterparts in Sacramento and South Sioux City, says she is frequently contacted by library administrators across the country looking to start their own food–producing gardens.

At least one library administrator, however, is looking toward the future of the library as a farm.

Jodi Shaw, coordinator for the American Library Association’s Sustainability Round Table, has been working to bring farms to the rooftops of libraries throughout Brooklyn, New York. Shaw, a children’s librarian for Brooklyn Public Library (BPL) who is working independently of the library system in her research, says BPL has 60 branches with viable rooftop space, or what amounts to approximately 138 acres of farmland right in the heart of the city.

She acknowledges that her “radical idea” would take massive resources or partnerships with existing rooftop farming operations to make such a program a reality. She’s been closely watching Bright–Farms, Brooklyn Grange, and Eagle Street Rooftop Farm–three operations running rooftop farms in New York–for ideas and opportunities.

“It would take a lot for libraries to convince people to do this,” she says. “The goal is get every citizen in Brooklyn producing their own food.”

by : Timothy Inklebarger

Color :

1.      Green  : Subject

2.      Blue    : Verb

3.      Purple : Clause

Vocabulary :

1.   Patrons = Pelanggan

2.   Sleeve = Lengan

3.   Literacy = Melek huruf

4.   Movement = Gerakan

5.   Expanding = Memperluas

6.   Vulnerable = Rentan

7.   Necessity = Kebutuhan

8.   Sustainability = Keberlanjutan

9.   Grew = Tumbuh

10. Entire = Seluruh

11. Volunteers = Relawan

12. Plots = Plot

13. Majority = Mayoritas

14. Beehive = Sarang lebah

15. Pressing = Menekan

16. Poverty = Kemiskinan

20. Grant = Hibah

21. Efforts = Upaya

22. Accessible = Diakses

23. Strengthened = Diperkuat

24. Beekeeping = Peternakan lebah

25. Harvest = Panen

26. Amounts = Jumlah

27. Approximately = Kira - kira

28. Farmland = Lahan pertanian

29. Acknowledges = Ucapan terima kasih

30. Convince = Yakinkan

ENGLISH NOTE - 3

Clause

Pengertian

Clause adalah rangkaian kata yang bermakna dan berpola subject + predicate (subjek + kata kerja), serta tidak diakhiri dengan tanda baca atau sebuah kalimat paling sederhana terdiri dari satu clause sedangkan kalimat yang lebih rumit terdiri dari beberapa clause dan satu clause juga terdiri dari beberapa clause.

Subject + Verb + Connector + Subject + Verb

                CLAUSE

or

Connector + Subject + Verb + Subject + Verb

                                                  CLAUSE

or

Subject + Connector + Subject + Verb + Verb

CLAUSE

Example: 1.  I will buy a mountain if I have a lot of money.                                                              CLAUSE

                    2. If I have a lot of money, I will buy a mountain.

                                  CLAUSE

                    3. The man whom I met last night is handsome.

                                                CLAUSE

Bentuk penulisan dari suatu clause

A.  Subject + Verb + CLAUSE
B.  Subject + CLAUSE + Verb
C.  Subject + CLASE tanpa Subject + Verb

Jenis-jenis clause

A.  Adverb clause
Suatu clause yang menggunakan suatu kata keterangan yang dapat berupa keterangan sebab, alasan, pengadaian, dan lain - lain.

Example : 1. Because today is rain, I come late to school.

                 2. Eva didn’t pass the exam because she didn’t study hard.
                 3. If I have much money, I will buy many books.

B.  Adjective clause
Suatu clause yang menggunakan suatu kata sifat yang menerangkan sebuah noun (kata benda) pada induk kalimat.
Example : 1. The man whom I met last night is handsome.
                 2. A book that I bought yesterday is expensive.
                 3. The man who is sitting next to me is handsome.