ENGLISH NOTE - 1

MENGENAL SUBJECT DAN VERB
Dasarnya adalah Sentence (kalimat) minimal tersusun atas subject dan verb.

SENTENCE = SUBJECT + VERB

A.   SUBJECT

Subject terdiri atas 5 macam, yaitu :

1.      Noun (Kata benda) : Kata benda yang selalu ditandai dengan awalan a, an, the.
Examples: a chair, a table, a door, etc.
Namun ada juga 'Noun' yang berimbuhan.
Examples:

·      Berimbuhan (…-ment) ex. advertisement, statement, management, argument, etc.

·      Berimbuhan (…-ure) ex. insecure, failure, departure, signature, pleasure, etc.

·      Berimbuhan (…-ion) ex. combination, education, invitation, collection, etc.

·      Berimbuhan (…-er/or) ex. reader, sailor, director, productor, composer, farmer, etc.

·      Berimbuhan (…-y) ex. delivery, recovery, discovery, injury, etc.

·      Berimbuhan (…-ity) ex. reality, activity, creativity, ability, etc.

        2.      Pronoun (Kata ganti benda)
        He; She; It; I; You; They; We.
        Example: She is a beautiful, Her name is Siska, etc.
        3.      Gerund : Verb + ing
        Examples: Drawing is my hobby, Swimming is your favorite job, etc.
        4.      To Infinitive : To + Verb–1
        Example: To get up in the morning is very healthy, etc.
        5.      Clause (Connector/Conjunction) : Anak kalimat, yang minimal punya Subject + Verb dan              biasanya di tambahkan sebuah konjungsi.

        Klausa atau konjungsi artinya kata sambung.
        Example: Who you are is not my concern, etc.

B.    VERB

Verb ada dua macam, yaitu :

1.      Main Verb : Kata kerja utama yang berdampingan langsung dengan Subject dan hanya selalu menggunakan bentuk Verb–1 dan Verb–2.
Eat, go, goes, ate, etc.
Ada juga main verb yang diberi imbuhan.
Examples:

·      Berimbuhan (...-ize) Ex. Memorize, Maximize, Minimize,etc.

·      Berimbuhan (...-ify) Ex. Simplify,etc.

·      Berimbuhan (...-ate) Ex. Communicate, activate,etc.

      2.      Aux Verb : Kata kerja bantu

·      To be = be / is, am, are / was, were / been.
Examples:

a.    She is a student >>> Subject + Verb + Noun
(Noun: a; an; the)

b.   She is beautiful >>> Subject + Verb + Adjective
(Adjective: imbuhan(-ous) ex. fabulous, (-able) ex. markable, (-tive)ex. talkative).

c.    The book is on the table >>> Subject + Verb + Adverb of place
(Preposition: on, between, in, at, etc).

d.   They are studying >>> Subject + To be + Verb–ing

(Digunakan pada saat ada to be).

e.    The cake is eaten by Budi >>> Subject + To be + Verb–3
(Dalam kalimat passive)

·      Modals = Harus diikuti dengan kata kerja dasar (Verb-1) tanpa tamahan apa pun.

(can, must, should, could, would, will, may, etc)
Modals digunakan langsung/direct.
Examples:

a.    We must go.

b.   I can fly.

c.    I shall cook fried chicken.

·      Has/Have/Had : Diikuti dengan Verb – 3.

(Has/Have/Had + Verb3)
Examples:

a.    The door has been closed.

b.   Runi has bought a book.

c.    The book will be delivered tomorrow.

·      Do/Does/Did